Ștefan Cicio Pop was a lawyer and a politician, a member of the Romanian National Party and later of the National Peasant Party, a Deputy in the Budapest Parliament, the Vice-President of the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia in 1918, and a prominent participant in the establishment of Greater Romania.

With legal studies completed at the Universities of Budapest and Vienna, he supported the cause of the Transylvanian Romanians since the beginning of his career. Between the years 1892-1894, he was involved in the Memorandum movement, a political attempt to expand the rights of Romanians in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was also legal representative of Romanians targeted by the press litigations which were initiated by the Hungarian authorities of the time. In November 1918, he was elected head of the Central Romanian National Council, along with 11 other personalities representing the two Romanian parties in Transylvania: the Romanian National Party and the Social Democratic Party.

On December 1, 1918, Ştefan Cicio Pop was elected among the 15 members of the Directing Council which served as a true government of Transylvania after 1918, his portfolio being War and Public Safety. He was also assigned the task of reporting the works of the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia.

After the Union, in 1919, he was elected Deputy in the first Parliament of Greater Romania, effectively running the Council of Ministers during the time when Prime Minister Alexandru Vaida-Voevod was at the Paris Peace Conference.